Antidepressants Explained: Types, Uses, Benefits & Common Side Effects

Antidepressants are medicines used primarily to treat depression and may also be prescribed for certain anxiety disorders and other conditions.

Common categories include:

• SSRIs
• SNRIs
• NDRIs
• Tricyclic antidepressants
• MAOIs
• Other newer medication classes

Different medicines work differently, and the appropriate option depends on a person’s symptoms, medical history, other medications and treatment goals.

How Long Do Antidepressants Take?

Many antidepressants take several weeks to produce their full effects. NIMH notes that antidepressants commonly take approximately 4–8 weeks to work.

Common Side Effects

Depending on the medicine, side effects can include:

• Headache
• Stomach upset
• Sleep changes
• Appetite changes
• Sexual side effects

Patients shouldn’t stop an antidepressant suddenly without speaking with their healthcare provider.